翻訳と辞書
Words near each other
・ "O" Is for Outlaw
・ "O"-Jung.Ban.Hap.
・ "Ode-to-Napoleon" hexachord
・ "Oh Yeah!" Live
・ "Our Contemporary" regional art exhibition (Leningrad, 1975)
・ "P" Is for Peril
・ "Pimpernel" Smith
・ "Polish death camp" controversy
・ "Pro knigi" ("About books")
・ "Prosopa" Greek Television Awards
・ "Pussy Cats" Starring the Walkmen
・ "Q" Is for Quarry
・ "R" Is for Ricochet
・ "R" The King (2016 film)
・ "Rags" Ragland
・ ! (album)
・ ! (disambiguation)
・ !!
・ !!!
・ !!! (album)
・ !!Destroy-Oh-Boy!!
・ !Action Pact!
・ !Arriba! La Pachanga
・ !Hero
・ !Hero (album)
・ !Kung language
・ !Oka Tokat
・ !PAUS3
・ !T.O.O.H.!
・ !Women Art Revolution


Dictionary Lists
翻訳と辞書 辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ]
スポンサード リンク

FIDE master : ウィキペディア英語版
FIDE titles

The World Chess Federation, FIDE (Fédération Internationale des Échecs), awards several performance-based titles to chess players, up to and including the highly prized Grandmaster title. Titles generally require a combination of Elo rating and norms (performance benchmarks in competitions including other titled players). Once awarded, FIDE titles are held for life, though a title may be revoked in exceptional circumstances. Open titles may be earned by all players, whilst the women's titles are restricted to female players. A strong female player may have a title in both systems.
A chess title, usually in an abbreviated form, may be used as an honorific. For example Viswanathan Anand may be styled as "GM Viswanathan Anand".
== History ==
FIDE's first titles were awarded in 1950 and consisted of 27 Grandmasters (GMs), 94 International Masters, and 17 International Women Masters.
FIDE's first GMs were:
* Ossip Bernstein (France)
* Isaac Boleslavsky (USSR)
* Igor Bondarevsky (USSR)
* Mikhail Botvinnik (USSR)
* David Bronstein (USSR)
* Oldřich Duras (Czechoslovakia)
* Max Euwe (Netherlands)
* Reuben Fine (USA)
* Salo Flohr (USSR)
* Ernst Gruenfeld (Austria)
* Paul Keres (USSR)
* Borislav Kostić (Yugoslavia)
* Alexander Kotov (USSR)
* Grigory Levenfish (USSR)
* Andor Lilienthal (USSR)
* Géza Maróczy (Hungary)
* Jacques Mieses (England)
* Miguel Najdorf (Argentina)
* Viacheslav Ragozin (USSR)
* Samuel Reshevsky (USA)
* Akiba Rubinstein (Poland)
* Friedrich Sämisch (West Germany)
* Vasily Smyslov (USSR)
* Gideon Ståhlberg (Sweden)
* László Szabó (Hungary)
* Savielly Tartakower (France)
* Milan Vidmar (Yugoslavia)
The standards for FIDE titles were not formally defined, and were decided by a committee. In 1957, FIDE introduced norms (qualifying standards) for FIDE titles.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
ウィキペディアで「FIDE titles」の詳細全文を読む



スポンサード リンク
翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース

Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.